Persistence refers to the ability of a program or application to store and retrieve data even after the program is terminated or the system is shut down. It is a critical aspect of many applications, particularly those that require long-term data storage or need to keep data in sync across multiple devices or users.

There are several ways to achieve persistence in programming, including:

1. Object-relational mapping (ORM): ORMs like MDriven, Hibernate, Entity Framework, or Django's ORM provide a way for programs to store and retrieve data using object-oriented programming techniques while abstracting away the underlying database implementation details.
2. File-based storage: Data can be stored in files on disk or other external storage devices. Programs can read and write to these files to store and retrieve data.
3. Relational databases: Programs can use relational databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, or Oracle to store data in tables and retrieve it using SQL queries.
4. NoSQL databases: Programs can also use NoSQL databases like MongoDB, Cassandra, or Couchbase, which provide a more flexible data model than relational databases and are optimized for handling large amounts of unstructured data.
5. Cloud storage: Programs can use cloud storage services like Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, or Microsoft Azure Blob Storage to store and retrieve data in the cloud.

Regardless of the approach used, the key goal of persistence is to ensure that data is available and retrievable after the program is closed or the system is shut down. This enables programs to maintain their state and keep data consistent across different sessions and devices. Persistence is an essential aspect of many types of applications, such as e-commerce, social media, and content management systems.

MDriven has several build-in ways to persist modeled objects using different Persistence mappers.